[Science Saw] – Scientists Found a Novel Preventive Measure Against Parkinson’s Disease.
Highlights:
- SHLP2 acts like a cellular hero, particularly in mitochondria—the cell’s energy centers.
- A rare genetic mutation gives some people a unique SHLP2 version, reducing their Parkinson’s disease risk by 50%.
- This mutation creates a more stable and efficient microprotein, guarding against mitochondrial dysfunction linked to Parkinson’s.
- The mutated SHLP2 is mostly seen in Europeans, affecting just 1% of this group but significantly lowering their Parkinson’s risk.
5. Not only does the mutated SHLP2 protect human tissues, but it also shows promise in Parkinson’s mouse models. - Ways to effectively deal with Parkinson’s disease.
A recent study from the USC Leonard Davis School of Gerontology uncovered something pretty fascinating about Parkinson’s disease.
Imagine your cells as little power plants, and within these power plants, there’s a superhero called SHLP2. This tiny protein does a lot to keep things running smoothly, kind of like the hero of the cell world.
Now, scientists at USC found that some people have a special version of this protein that makes them 50% less likely to get Parkinson’s disease—a serious brain condition that affects lots of people worldwide.
So, what is this protein all about?
Well, it’s part of the cell’s powerhouse known as the mitochondria.
Mitochondria are like the energy factories of cells, making sure everything functions properly. SHLP2, our hero, is a tiny protein doing big things inside these mitochondria.
Back in 2016, Professor Pinchas Cohen discovered SHLP2. Fast forward to January 3, 2024, and his team at USC has revealed that some people have a rare change in the SHLP2 gene that makes this protein even more powerful.
This change called a mutation is like giving our hero a special suit—it makes SHLP2 more stable and better at its job of preventing a problem called mitochondrial dysfunction.
This dysfunction is a big player in causing Parkinson’s disease.
Now, not everyone has this special SHLP2. It’s mostly found in people of European ancestry and only 1% of them have it.
Having this mutated SHLP2 makes you half as likely to get Parkinson’s disease compared to those without it.
So, how did they figure all this out?
Well, a researcher named Su-Jeong Kim led the study. She looked at the genes of thousands of people and found this special SHLP2 in three different groups.
Then, she did a bunch of experiments to make sure this protein was indeed protecting against Parkinson’s.
Here is the rocket science part: the mutation is like a change in one letter of the genetic code and it makes SHLP2 stronger.
It binds better to a crucial enzyme in the mitochondria, kind of like a superhero teaming up with a powerful sidekick.
This enzyme called mitochondrial complex 1 is like the energy generator of the cell and in Parkinson’s disease, it doesn’t work as well. The mutated SHLP2, however, makes sure things stay in good shape.
Why is this so exciting? Well, it gives scientists new clues about Parkinson’s disease and opens the door to finding treatments.
Professor Cohen, who led the study says this could be a game-changer in how we think about preventing and treating diseases related to getting older.
Kim, the researcher hopes their discovery will inspire more studies on SHLP2 and other tiny proteins in the cell. These little heroes could hold the key to new therapies not only for Parkinson’s but also for other problems that show up as we age.
Parkinson’s Disease
Parkinson’s disease is a brain condition that messes with how you move and can get worse over time.
It mainly goes after cells in your brain that make a chemical called dopamine, which helps your nerves talk to each other and control movement.
Knowing about Parkinson’s, its symptoms, why it happens and how to treat it is important for people living with it to manage their symptoms and have a better quality of life.
When it comes to symptoms, Parkinson’s is known for causing things like shaking, slow movement, stiffness and trouble keeping your balance.
These symptoms can vary a lot from person to person, and sometimes you might also deal with issues like memory problems, mood changes, sleep troubles or problems with things your body does automatically, like breathing and digestion.
Doctors aren’t entirely sure why Parkinson’s happens, but they think it’s a mix of genetics (things in your DNA) and stuff in the environment you’re exposed to.
Some people might have certain gene mutations that make them more likely to get Parkinson’s, but these cases are pretty rare.
Other things like being around certain chemicals or getting a head injury might also increase your chances of developing Parkinson’s.
Ways to Deal With Parkinson’s Disease
Moving through life with Parkinson’s disease involves tackling various aspects of your well-being.
While collaborating closely with healthcare professionals is crucial, here are some practical strategies to help you manage and cope with Parkinson’s disease:
Stay on Top of Medications: Stick to your prescribed medication schedule diligently. These medications are designed to address symptoms and consistency is key to their effectiveness.
Incorporate Exercise into Your Routine: Include regular physical activity that suits your abilities.
Exercise can boost mobility, balance and flexibility contributing to your overall well-being. Whether it is walking, swimming or specialized Parkinson’s-friendly exercises, find what works for you.
Engage with Therapists: Collaborate with physical and occupational therapists to tackle challenges posed by Parkinson’s symptoms.
Also, they can provide exercises and strategies to enhance motor skills, independence, and daily living activities.
Benefit from Speech Therapy: If Parkinson’s symptoms affect your communication or swallowing, consider speech therapy.
Therapists can teach you exercises and techniques to maintain clear speech and improve swallowing function.
Embrace Nutritional Guidance: Maintain a balanced and nutritious diet to support your overall health. Seek advice from a nutritionist or dietitian to address specific dietary concerns related to Parkinson’s disease.
Explore Assistive Technologies: Check out adaptive technologies and devices that can assist in your daily activities. Items like utensils with larger grips, voice-activated devices or mobility aids can enhance your independence.
Choose Supportive Footwear: Opt for comfortable and supportive footwear to improve stability and reduce the risk of falls.
Also, shoes with good traction and proper support can make a significant difference in navigating your daily activities.
Incorporate Stress-Reducing Practices: Integrate stress-reducing activities like yoga, meditation or deep breathing exercises into your routine. These practices can help manage stress and promote mental well-being.
Connect with Support Groups: Join support groups where you can connect with others living with Parkinson’s disease.
Also, sharing experiences and advice with individuals facing similar challenges can offer emotional support and practical insights.
Maintain Social Connections: Keep up your social connections with friends, family and your community. Social engagement is crucial for emotional well-being and can contribute to a sense of belonging.
Educate Yourself and Share Knowledge: Learn more about Parkinson’s disease and its progression.
Knowing the condition can empower you and your caregivers to make informed decisions about treatment and lifestyle adjustments.
Prioritize Regular Check-ups: Schedule regular check-ups with healthcare professionals to monitor the progression of Parkinson’s disease and adjust treatment plans as needed.
Also, open communication with your healthcare team is essential for comprehensive care.
Plan for the Future: Discuss future care plans, including legal and financial considerations, with family members and healthcare providers.
Having a clear plan in place can reduce stress and ensure that your preferences are known and respected.
However, the above study shows the USC team found a genetic mutation that turns SHLP2 into a superhero protein, guarding against Parkinson’s disease.
It is like a breakthrough in the science of aging and who knows, it might lead to brand new ways of keeping our brains healthy as we grow older.
The researchers believe this discovery could be a game-changer in how we approach and address diseases related to aging.
Su-Jeong Kim hopes their work inspires further research on SHLP2 and similar tiny proteins, potentially leading to novel therapies not only for Parkinson’s but also for other aging-related issues.